hmm interesting request
here's my attempt hehehe
alt. rock - this is generally defined as beginning in 80s underground rock and gaining popularity in the early 90s. initally there were a lot of styles being melded together but once it gained enough popularity to dominate the airwaves for a short time it became pretty bland and ended up being any guitar based song that used soft / quiet dynamics for the verse and chorus and/or non-standard tunings.
indie rock - by definition indie rock should be anything produced independently, although from my experience indie rock is a lot closer to lo-fi whiny guitar rock. maybe mix in some 'retro' sounding electronics too.
pop-punk - upbeat pop music played on guitar
mainstream rock - clichéd by the numbers rock. about as shocking/innovative as discovering the fact water is actually wet.